Regulatory framework

Regulatory Framework and Policies Applicable to Hydrogen

(Data Set on Regulatory Provisions)

 I. GENERAL

• Consolidated version of the Treaty on the European Union [2012] OJ C326/13.
• Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union [2016] OJ C202/1.
• Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action, amending Regulations (EC) No 663/2009 and (EC) No 715/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, Directives 94/22/EC, 98/70/EC, 2009/31/EC, 2009/73/EC, 2010/31/EU, 2012/27/EU and 2013/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, Council Directives 2009/119/EC and (EU) 2015/652 and repealing Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council OJ L328/1.
• Directive 2009/73/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 concerning common rules for the internal market in natural gas and repealing Directive 2003/55/EC (Text with EEA relevance) OJ L 211.
• Directive (EU) 2024/1788 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 on common rules for the internal markets for renewable gas, natural gas and hydrogen, amending Directive (EU) 2023/1791 and repealing Directive 2009/73/EC (recast) (Text with EEA relevance) [2024]
• Regulation (EU) 2024/1789 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 on the internal markets for renewable gas, natural gas and hydrogen, amending Regulations (EU) No 1227/2011, (EU) 2017/1938, (EU) 2019/942 and (EU) 2022/869 and Decision (EU) 2017/684 and repealing Regulation (EC) No 715/2009 (recast) (Text with EEA relevance) [2024]
• Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable resources [2018] OJ L328.
• Directive (EU) 2023/2413 of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive (EU) 2018/1999 and Directive 98/70/EC as regards the promotion of energy from renewable sources and repealing Council Directive (EU) 2015/652.
• Directive (EU) 2019/944 of the European Parliament and of the Council on common rules for the internal market for electricity and amending Directive 2012/27/EU (recast) [2019] OJ L158/125.
• Directive (EU) 2023/1791 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 September 2023 on energy efficiency and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 (recast) OJ L 231.
• Communication from the Commission — Guidelines on State aid for environmental protection and energy 2014-2020 OJ C 200.
• Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1294 of 15 September 2020 on the Union renewable energy financing mechanism C/2020/6123 OJ L 303.
• Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) supplementing Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council by establishing a Union methodology setting out detailed rules for the production of renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin [2023] C/2023/1087 final.
• Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) supplementing Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council by establishing a minimum threshold for greenhouse gas emissions savings of recycled carbon fuels and by specifying a methodology for assessing greenhouse gas emissions savings from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin and from recycled carbon fuels [2023] C/2023 1086 final.
• Commission Notice The 2023 annual Union work programme for European standardisation 2023/C 93/02 C/2023/1210 OJ C 93.
• Annex to the Commission notice The 2023 annual Union programme for European standardisation. [2023] C/2023 1210 final.
• Council Regulation (EU) 2022/2577 of 22 December 2022 laying down a framework to accelerate the deployment of renewable energy, [2022] OJ L 335/36
• European Commission, Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 June 2021 establishing the framework for achieving climate neutrality and amending Regulations (ec) No 401/2009 and (EU) 2018/1999 (‘European Climate Law’), [2021] OJ L 243/1.

 II. MOBILITY

• Regulation (EU) 2023/1805 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 September 2023 on the use of renewable and low-carbon fuels in maritime transport, and amending Directive 2009/16/EC PE/26/2023/INIT OJ L 234
• Regulation (EU) 2023/2405 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 October 2023 on ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport (ReFuelEU Aviation) PE/29/2023/REV/1 OJ L, 2023/2405.
• Directive (EU) 2021/1187 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2021 on streamlining measures for advancing the realisation of the trans-European transport network (TEN-T) PE/51/2021/INIT OJ L 258.
• Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on Union guidelines for the development of the trans-European transport network, amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1153 and Regulation (EU) No 913/2010 and repealing Regulation (EU) 1315/2013.
• Regulation (EU) No 1315/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2013 on Union guidelines for the development of the trans-European transport network and repealing Decision No 661/2010/EU OJ L 348.
• Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 1998 relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending Council Directive 93/12/EEC OJ L 350 (Fuel Quality Directive Consolidated Text).
• European Council (2019) Directive (EU) 2019/1161 of 20 June 2019 amending Directive 2009/33/EC on the promotion of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehicles, OJ L 188 (Clean Vehicles Directive).

 III. INFRASTRUCTURE

• Regulation (EU) 2022/869 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2022 on guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure, amending Regulations (EC) No 715/2009, (EU) 2019/942 and (EU) 2019/943 and Directives 2009/73/EC and (EU) 2019/944, and repealing Regulation (EU) No 347/2013 PE/2/2022/REV/1 OJ L 152.
• Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 September 2023 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure and repealing Directive 2014/94/EU PE/25/2023/INIT OJ L 234.

 IV. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND ENVIRONMENT

• Rio Declaration on Environment and Development [1992] UN Doc. A/ CONF.151/26 (Vol. I) (Rio Declaration).
• UNECE Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (Aarhus Convention).
• Directive 2003/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 providing for public participation in respect of the drawing up of certain plans and programmes relating to the environment and amending with regard to public participation and access to justice Council Directives 85/337/EEC and 96/61/EC [2003] OJ L156/17.
• UNECE Maastricht Recommendations on Promoting Effective Public Participation in Decision-Making in Environmental Matters, prepared under the Aarhus Convention [2015].
• Directive 2011/92/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment [2012] OJ 2012 L. 26/1.

 V. CIRCULAR ECONOMY

• Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: A new Circular Economy Action Plan COM/2020/98 final
• Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1184 of 10 February 2023 supplementing Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council by establishing a Union methodology setting out detailed rules for the production of renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin C/2023/1087
• Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives OJ L 312/3

 VI. STRATEGIES / POLICIES / PLANS

• Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions, A Competitiveness Compass for the EU COM(2025)30 Final
• Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions, A Green Deal Industrial Plan for the Net-Zero Age COM/2023/62 final.
• Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions, The European Green Deal COM/2019/640 final.
• Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions, A hydrogen strategy for a climate-neutral Europe COM/2020/301 final.
• Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions, An EU Strategy for Energy System Integration COM/2020/299 final.
• Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions, REPowerEU COM/2022/230.
• Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions, revision of the Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan COM2023/634.
• Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: A New Industrial Strategy for Europe COM/2020/102 final.
• Communication From The Commission To the European Parliament, the Council, The European Economic And Social Committee And the Committee of the Regions: Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy – putting European transport on track for the future {SWD(2020) 331 final}.

 VII. MISCELLANEOUS AND COUNTRY SPECIFIC

• Bundesregierung Die Nationale Wasserstoffstrategie – Energie aus klimafreundlichem Gas [2020]
• Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz (bmwk), Fortschreibung der Nationalen Wasserstoffstrategie [2023].
• Ministerio de la Transición Ecológica y Reto Demográfico (MITECO), Gobierno de España Hoja de Ruta del Hidrógeno [2022].
• Ley 27/2006, de 18 de julio, por la que se regulan los derechos de acceso a la información, de participación pública y de acceso a la justicia en materia de medio ambiente (incorpora las Directivas 2003/4/ce y 2003/35/ce). [2006] Boletín Oficial del Estado (BOE) n. 171
• Real Decreto 1955/2000, de 1 de diciembre, por el que se regulan las actividades de transporte, distribución, comercialización, suministro y procedimientos de autorización de instalaciones de energía eléctrica [2000]
• Real Decreto 413/2014, de 6 de junio, por el que se regula la actividad de producción de energía eléctrica a partir de fuentes de energía renovables, cogeneración, y residuos [2014] BOE 140.
• Ley 34/1998, de 7 de octubre, del sector de hidrocarburos [1998] BOE 241.
• Ley 21/2013, de 9 de diciembre, de evaluación ambiental [2013] BOE 296.
• Federal Climate Protection Act – Bundes-Klimaschutzgesetz [2019] (BGBl. I S. 2513)
• Gesetz über die Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung in Umweltangelegenheiten nach der eg-Richtlinie 2003/35/eg (Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligungsgesetz), BGBl [2006] Teil I, Nr. 58.
• Gesetz über die Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfung in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung vom 18. März 2021 (BGBl. I S. 540), das zuletzt durch Artikel 13 des Gesetzes vom 8. Mai 2024 (BGBl. 2024 I Nr. 151).